Application of video-assisted thoracoscopic anatomic segmentectomy in single-stage bilateral thoracic surgery for the treatment of bilateral localized bronchiectasis / 中国胸心血管外科临床杂志

@#Objective    To explore the safety and feasibility of the application of video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) anatomic segmentectomy in single-stage bilateral thoracic surgery for the treatment of bilateral localized bronchiectasis. Methods    From June 2014 to June 2018, 19 patients with bilateral localized bronchiectasis underwent single-stage bilateral thoracic surgery with VATS anatomic segmentectomy, including 11 males and 8 females aged 38.0±12.5 years. The clinical efficacy of the surgery was evaluated. Results    All surgeries were successfully completed, of which 17 were bilateral VATS, 2 were unilateral VATS with the other lateral converted to thoracotomy. The average number of bilateral resected segments was 4-8 (5.9±1.2). Mean operation time was 330.0±40.0 min and mean blood loss was 150.0±60.0 mL. Mean ventilator-assisted breathing time was 6.0±1.8 h, mean duration of chest-tube placement was 4.0±1.0 d and mean hospital stay time was 14.0±1.5 d. Three patients suffered pulmonary infection and 1 patient received tracheotomy. No perioperative death occurred. Arterial oxygen pressures on postoperative day (POD) 1 (F=340.18, P<0.05) and POD 3 (F=131.26, P<0.05) were significantly lower than that before operation, arterial carbon dioxide pressures on POD 1 (F=46.62, P<0.05) and POD 3 (F=48.21, P<0.05) were significantly higher than that before operation, and pulse oximeter saturation on POD 1 was significantly lower than that before operation (F=210.82, P<0.05). The patients were followed up for one to five years without recurrence. Conclusion    Application of VATS anatomic segmentectomy in single-stage bilateral thoracic surgery for the treatment of bilateral localized bronchiectasis is safe and feasible with strictly selected patients. Postoperative airway management is very important. The surgery is worthy of wide clinical practice.

Effects of continuous positive airway pressure therapy on endothelial dysfunction in obstructive sleep apnea patients: a Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To study the effect of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment on the endothelial function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Methods This study strictly followed the PRISMA principle. PubMed, Web of Science and the Cochrane Collaboration Database were searched on randomized controlled trials (RCT) which assessed the effects of CPAP on endothelial function of OSA patients from 1992 to 2013. The parameters of endothelial function evaluation included endothelium-dependent vasodilation function (EDV) and endothelium-independent vasodilation function (EIV). EDV was used to detect flow mediated dilation (FMD) and reactive hyperemia index (RHI), and EIV was used to detect nitroglycerin-induced dilation (GTN-ID). Results A total of 4 articles (137 patients) were selected. Meta-analysis results showed that CPAP significantly altered the overall EDV: standardized mean difference ( SMD )＝1.42, 95% CI 0.45 to 2.38, P＝0.004; and the FMD was significantly improved: weighed mean difference ( WMD ) ＝ 3.94, 95% CI 1.30 to 6.57, P ＝ 0.003. CPAP did not significantly alter the GTN-ID: WMD ＝ -0.71, 95% CI 2.69 to 1.26, P ＝ 0.48. Conclusions Using CPAP to treat OSA patients is beneficial to promoting overall EDV improvement, but the EIV has not improved significantly.

The clinical and neuroimage features of Non-alcoholic Wernicke's encephalopathy / 中国神经精神疾病杂志

Objective Objective The present study was to increase the awareness of nonalcoholic Wernicke's encephalopathy ( WE) to reduce its misdiagnosis.Methods The clinical features and MR imaging findings in 6 patients with nonalcoholic WE were retrospectively analyzed.Results All patients exhibited different degrees of unconsciousness.Only two patients presented with the typical triad of neuro-ophthalmologic manifestations, ataxia, and global confusion.All patients presented with typical MR features characterized by bilaterally altered signal of the medial thalamus, periventricular region of the third ventricle and periaqueductal area. In addition, two patients developed symmetric cortical and facial nerve nucleus involvements with deep coma, which was clinically rare.The average clinical recovery and MRI imaging recovery times were 7.5 months and 2.8 months, respectively,.Two patients with deep coma showed a poor prognosis:1 patient died, and the other had a sever spastic paralysis of her extremities and mental retardation during a follow -up of 2 years.Two patients with deep coma showed symmetric hyperintensities on diffusion -weighted imaging ( DWI) .Conclusions MRI images are useful in the early diagnosis of nonalcoholic WE.Cortical and cranial nerve nucleus involve-ment in nonalcoholic WE patients may be an indication of irreversible damage and a poor prognosis.In addition, hyperintensities on DWI may also indicate an unfavorable prognosis.

Expression of microRNA in neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the changes of microRNA expression in cortex tissues in neonatal rats with hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD)and the possible roles of microRNA in the pathogenesis of HIBD. METHODS Rat HIBD model was prepared. The cortex tissues were obtained 14 days after the HIBD event. The microRNA expression profiles were measured using microRNA microarray. Expression of 9 microRNAs (miR-126,-26a,-674-5p,-21,-25,-290, miR-124,-125b-5p and microRNA-9a) was determined by quantitative real-time PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>he results of microRNA expression profiles indicated that 27 pieces of microRNA were up-regulated more than 2 folds and 60 pieces were down-regulated more than 2 folds compared with the normal control group. The results of the 9 microRNAs detected by quantitative real-time PCR were consistent with those detected by microRNA microarray.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>HIBD rats have significant changes in microRNA expression, suggesting that microRNA expression may play important roles in the pathogenesis of HIBD.</p>

Thoracic reconstruction with autogenous graft of rib and pedicle omental flap after resection of the sternal tumors / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To discuss the technical points and clinical effects of thoracic reconstruction after resection of the sternal tumnors with autogenous rib graft and pedicle oinental flap. Method A retrospective study was made on 12 patients,who underwent resection of sternal tumors and thoracic reconstruction with autogenous rib graft and pedicle omental flap between January 2004 and March 2010. The tumor involved the manubrium in 4 patients and the sternal body in 8 patients. Results All operations of 12 patients were succeed with no perioperative mortality or severe complications. Incisions healed by primary intention healing,and no paradoxical breathing was found. The postoperative period was uneventful.Conclusion It's an effective way to treat sternal tumors by the resection and thoracic reconstruction with autogenous rib graft and pedicle omental flap.

Protective effect of musk extract on rat's cerebral cortical neurons with inflammatory injury / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the protective effects of musk extract (ME) and its possible mechanism on rat's cerebral cortical neurons with inflammatory injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Neurons and astrocytes from newborn rat cerebral cortex were cultured in vitro respectively, and the astrocyte conditioned medium (ACM), obtained by treating astrocytes with 10 mg/L LPS and different concentrations of ME for 24 h, was added in the culture fluid of neurons. The survival rate and apoptotic rate of neurons were measured by MTT method and AO/EB stain; and the changes of inflammatory factors in the ACM were determined by ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The survival rate (%) of neurons treated by ACM with ME in concentrations of 18 mg/L, 36 mg/L, 72 mg/L and 144 mg/L was 52.55 +/- 3.52, 55.77 +/- 2.36, 64.89 +/- 3.45 and 73.67 +/- 1.80, respectively, significantly higher than that in the model neurons (43.62 +/- 4. 51, P < 0.05), while the apoptotic rate (%) in them, 68.11 +/- 2.16, 44.27 +/- 3.68, 32.56 +/- 2.14 and 21.89 +/- 2.46, respectively, was significantly lower than that in model neurons (71.33 +/- 3.25, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Level of IL-6 was decreasing along with the raising of ME concentration in the ACM, showing a concentration-dependent state.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>ME shows apparent protective effect on neurons against inflammatory injury, especially in a high concentration (144 mg/L), which may be associated with the reduction of IL-6 secreted by astrocytes.</p>

CuZn-SOD and MDA in the serum and EPS of chronic prostatitis patients: quantitative determination and analysis / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Chronic prostatitis (CP) is a common disease in adult males. Oxidative stress injury has been found to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of CP in recent studies. This study aimed to determine the contents of CuZn-super oxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the serum and EPS in CP patients and healthy men, and investigate their significance in the diagnosis and treatment of the CP.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 120 out-patients with confirmed CP were equally divided into a type II, a type IIIA and a type IIIB group, and another 40 healthy males were included as controls. We determined the contents of CuZn-SOD and MDA in the serum and EPS of each group and compared their differences.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No significant differences were found in the serum CuZn-SOD content among the four groups (P > 0.05). The MDA contents were markedly higher in the CP groups than in the control (P < 0.01), but with no significant differences among the three CP groups (P > 0.05). The CuZn-SOD contents in EPS were remarkably lower in the type II and type III A than in the type III B and control groups (P < 0.01), but with no significant differences between the type II and type III A as well as between the type III B and control groups (P > 0.05). The MDA contents in EPS were markedly higher in the type II and type III A than in the type III B and control groups (P < 0.01), but with no significant differences between the type II and type III A as well as the type III B and control groups (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Oxidative stress is stronger in type II and type III A CP patients than in healthy men, but has no significant difference between type III B patients and non-CP males. Determining the contents of CuZn-SOD and MDA in the serum and EPS could be very valuable for the diagnosis and assessment of chronic prostatitis.</p>

Effects of DSCAM on differentiation of rat marrow mesenchymal stem cells into neurons in vitro / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of Down syndrome cellular adhesion molecule (DSCAM) on differentiation of rat marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into neurons in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MSCs from Sprague-Dawley rats were induced into neurons by baicalin. The expression of DSCAM before and after induction was evaluated by immunocytochemical staining and Western blot assay. After knockdown of DSCAM by siRNA transfection, the differentiation rate of neurons derived from MSCs was measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Before induction, the expression of DSCAM was not detectable in MSCs. After bFGF preinduction for 24 hrs, DSCAM was slightly expressed in MSCs (1.71+/- 0.67%). The DSCAM expression increased 6 hrs after baicalin induction (15.79+/- 4.24%), reached a peak at 3 days (53.16+/- 5.94%) and then decreased gradually. The DSCAM expression 6 days after baicalin induction (28.99+/- 6.72%) was significantly lower than that at 3 days (P<0.01). However, after DSCAM-siRNA transfection, the DSCAM expression in MSCs was significantly reduced. MSCs did not express neuron-specific beta-III-tubulin before induction. After baicalin induction for 6 hrs, 3 days and 6 days, the expression of beta-III-tubulin was 1.40+/- 0.79%, 41.59+/- 3.17% and 59.11+/- 4.76% respectively. But the beta-III-tubulin expression significantly decreased 3 and 6 days after DSCAM-siRNA transfection (28.57+/- 2.91% and 43.90+/- 12.31% respectively).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>DSCAM may play an important role in MSCs differentiation into neural cells.</p>

The relationship of expression of GLUT1,HIF-1α and the uptake of FDG in non-small cell lung cancer / 中国肺癌杂志

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>It has been known that facilitative glucose transporter(GLUT) is the main carrier which intervenes the glucose uptake of cell,and there is a significant correlation between GLUT1 and cancer.The expression of GLUT1 in lung cancer has close relationship with the uptake of 18fluoro-2-deoxyglucose(FDG) of lung cancer,and the expression of GLUT1 is regulated by hypoxia inducible factor-1(HIF-1).The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship among expression of GLUT1,HIF-1α and the uptake of FDG in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighty-four patients with NSCLC were evaluated with FDG PET/CT before operation.The expression of GLUT1 and HIF-1α was detected immunohistochemically in lung cancer,and their expression level was assessed by the intensity of immunohistochemical staining.Correlation analysis was carried out among the expression level of GLUT1,HIF-1α and the value of standard uptake value(SUV) obtained from preoperative FDG PET/CT examination.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The range of average SUV(SUVave) of the eighty-four patients was 3.6-13.2,and the average value was 7.8±3.0.There was no significant correlation between the SUVave and the maximum diameter of the tumors,the TNM stage,pathological classification and the degree of differentiation.The positive rate of GLUT1 in the eighty-four patients was 95.2%(80/84).The average intensity of immunohistochemical staining was 4.4±1.3.The positive rate of HIF-1α in the eighty-four patients was 96.4%(81/84).The average intensity of immunohistochemical staining was 4.4±1.4.A highly significant positive correlation was found between GLUT1 expression and the SUVave(r=0.78,P < 0.01),and also between HIF-1α expression and the SUVave(r=0.73,P < 0.01).There was also a highly significant positive correlation between GLUT1 expression and HIF-1α expression(r=0.93,P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>GLUT1 protein and HIF-1α expressions are general in NSCLC tissues.GLUT1 may paly an important role in the glucose and FDG uptake of lung cancer cell,and HIF-1α might be one of the most important regulative factors of GLUT1 expression,which up-regulates the expression of GLUT1.</p>